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18 febr

Barghouhti: Israel should pay compensations for the huge damage in Gaza


MP Mustafa Al-Barghouthi, the secretary general of the national initiative, said that Israel should not be allowed to escape responsibility for the vast destruction it inflicted on Gaza Strip during its three-week blitzkrieg.

Barghouthi in a statement on Sunday called on all concerned, official parties to immediately start filing lawsuits against the Israeli government to force to it pay compensation for the human casualties and material damage.

He said that the investigations, including those of the Israeli army, proved that the huge devastation was not "legally or ethically justified".

The MP expressed regret that the UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon retreated over his previous stands on formation of a neutral international committee to probe Israel"s war crimes including the shelling of UN agencies in Gaza.

"Without such procedures there is no guarantee that the Zionist entity would not repeat such crimes," he warned.

Barghouti said that he was participating in an international campaign to impose sanctions on Israel similar to those imposed previously on South Africa during the rule of the apartheid regime.


Hamas official in Turkey said that "Zionist right`s rise shows, they has gotten wilder and more radical.

Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement Hamas representative in Lebanon, Osama Hamdan, is in Istanbul for the Gaza Conference.

Hamdan spoke to the World Bulletin after the Conference on Israel"s 22-day Gaza attack, the Palestinian national dialogue and Hamas`attitude towards the cease-fire.

According to Hamdan, when reading the Israeli elections, three points is required to be analyzed.

"Zionist right`s rise shows, they has gotten wilder and more radical. This also shows that idea of a peace with that right-wing formation is how fanciful.

Second, Ehud Barak, despite all those blood he spilled, could not be successful in this election. Maybe he got the payoff for this attitude. Israelis must understand that: no Palestinian blood is cheap anymore. They will learn that they can`t build a future on the lives of the Palestinian women, children and old people.

Third, during the first 15 years, a radical right government can be established in this way . This will display the degree of Israeli threats to the region would be. "

He also commented on the Israeli elections and on the UN humanitarian aid mission UNRWA to Gaza and international power was to be sent to Gaza.

Palestinians win in the Palestinian territories for the first time

Hamdan said Israel executed a massacre in Gaza beyond the German Nazi genocide, found all kinds of weapons to use on the Palestinian people and intentionally targeted civilians, children and women.

Osama Hamdan said: "Israel"s aim was to disrupt the morale of the Palestinian fighters and to coup the resistance and stability of the Palestinian people. When you read the general view, Gaza won the first military victory on Palestinian land in the ongoing struggle with İsrael.

Gaza truce with Egyptian mediation

"Hamas`s cease-fire conditions that it is forwarded to the Egyptian side for the negotiations have not changed," says Hamdan, "All these mediation efforts, took a very long time and the debate has set the stage for negotiations."

"The two sides mutually was applying pressure to each other. It is true that there were efforts from the Arab countries. But I do not want to interpret these efforts in here," he told to World Bulletin.

The Palestanian National Dialogue

Hamdan said first meeting on Palestinian reconciliation was yesterday. "At the meeting, decision was made to accelerate the national dialogue. However, this dialogue should include all the files."

He emphasized that to properly conduct a dialogue, the necessary atmosphere should be established. First of all, political arrests should be ended and detained persons should be released.

UNRWA

"UNRWA knows Hamas in control of everything in Gaza. Again, they understand Hamas" resistance power and ability to struggle at least in this case."

"At this time, UNRWA is free to install any relationship with realityi" the representative underlined, "In the end, they will understand this reality."

"Even unseated, there is a government in Gaza. This government is conducting business in the Gaza Strip for the Palestinian people. UNRWA must also move in this direction."

International forces problem in Gaza

Repeating Hamas stance on international forces he said that "Hamas has announced in the first day this: the Palestinian people struggle to get rid of the occupation."

"Therefore, they do not want a second invasive force, rejects new occupation nominees in this land. Therefore,we will treat any power coming to Gaza as to "stooge of the occupiers"."

He also said that "We have made clear our attitude on this issue to Turkey. Turkey, would not act againts the Palestinian people`s will."

"Other governments must act in accordance with the interests of the Palestinian people in these matter."

Current status of the Palestanian refugee camps in Lebanon

"Palestinians in refugee camps is in a deplorable situation in Lebanon," Hamas official said, "We are in dialogue with the Government of Lebanon officially , expressing the rights of Palestinians. Work, property acquisition, transport, etc.. We"re working on rights issues."

For this purpose, Eb`ul Valid Khaled Meshaal visited Lebanon. He met with President, Prime Minister and the Chairman of the Assembly, addressed the problems of the Palestinians to political leaders. Security and legal status were discussed.

"We are currently are working to create an authority to include all the resistance groups," Hamdan cited.

"We want all Palestinians in Lebanon to gather under one roof. Hopefully this will also be successful. We have many social activities in the Palestinian camp. These efforts will provide results."

The issue of Palestinian weapons in Lebanon has developed a variety of conditions, the official expressed.

"These are weapons of resistance, are not militia weapons. Unfortunately, some mistakes happened. Fatah said there are shortcomings in this regard. But the issue of Palestinians in Lebanon must be addressed thoroughly. They should not be left aside from political, humanitarian, social and security issues."

urkey condemns Israel over recent comments




Turkey presented a note to Israel after recent remarks made by the Israeli Commander of Ground Forces Avi Mizrahi.

According to a statement issued by the Turkish Ministry of Foreign Affairs (MFA) on Saturday, Israeli Ambassador in Ankara Gabby Levy had been summoned to the MFA by the Undersecretary due to Mizrahi"s comments, Anadolu Agency said.

Remarks against all forms of diplomatic practice, historical and current realities and those accusations as well as nonsensical talks targeting our prime minister and country had been protested by a note, the MFA said.

"Furthermore, we have stressed that the relevant statements of Avi Mizrahi are ungrounded and unacceptable and as such we have requested an urgent explanation from Israeli authorities," the MFA also said.

Turkish General Staff also issued a statement on Saturday in regard to recent comments made by Avi Mizrahi.

"The remarks made by the Israeli commander are unacceptable and could hurt national interests of Turkey and Israel," the Turkish General Staff said.

The Israeli Ground Forces Commander Mizrahi had made remarks accusing Turkey of the incidents of 1915.

The Turkish military also said that allegations by an Israeli general about Turkey"s presence in Cyprus and its conflict with the Kurds threatened to harm relations between the two countries.

It was the latest sign of tension between Turkey and Israel, who maintain close military ties but whose alliance has been strained by the Israeli offensive on Gaza.

Turkish Prime Minister Tayyip Erdogan criticized Israeli President Shimon Peres of "knowing very well how to kill" in a public debate last month at the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland.

Israeli Allegations

Mizrahi was quoted by Haaretz newspaper as saying Turkey was not in a position to criticise Israel"s occupation of Palestinian lands when it stations troops in northern Cyprus as a retaliatory to Davos.

Decades long armed attacks on the defenseless Turkish Cypriots culminated in 1974 when an Athens-backed Greek Cypriot military coup on the island led to Turkey"s military intervention.

He also accused Turkey of repressing its Kurdish minority and massacring Armenians during World War One.

Turkey says many Armenians in fact served at the highest echelons of the Ottoman government and the Ottoman parliament.

Turkey said that the equally well documented massacres and ethnic cleansing of Ottoman Muslims in Eastern Anatolia committed directly or assisted by Armenian rebels, which were acknowledged by independent observers, are routinely ignored or denied today.

The Turkish General Staff, in a statement carried by the state-run Anatolian news agency, said Mizrahi"s remarks were competely unacceptable.

Turkey and Israel"s military co-operation includes allowing Israeli jets to use Turkish airspace for training.

Erdogan told Reuters on Friday there were no plans to halt that agreement.

Turkey keeps about 30,000 troops in Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus.
Although the Republic of Cyprus as described in the 1959 agreements is no longer there, Greek Cypriots continue to enjoy this title and international recognition while the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus, a fully democratic government representing Turkish Cypriots, still suffers under an unfair political and economic blockade.

Scholars in Ottoman history generally agree that the Armenian deaths resulted from a multiplicity of causes, the letter said and listed these causes as inter-communal warfare, the conditions of the forced relocations, murder, famine, disease, deficient medical care and austere conditions of life during wartime.


rkey and the Palestinian Question




Like many, the Turkish Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdoğan blamed Israel for the human tragedy in Gaza. This response may not seem extraordinary if one remembers that he criticized Israel in the same way in response to former Israeli aggressions in the occupied territories. This time, however, Erdoğan stated that the attack on Gaza, which began four days after the Israeli Prime Minister Ehud Olmert"s visit to Ankara, "is an act of disrespect toward Turkey."The major issue on the meeting agenda for Olmert"s visit was the Turkish-led, indirect talks between Israel and Syria. In response to the latest Israeli attack, Erdoğan suspended the talks, and paid visits to Jordan, Syria, Egypt and Saudi Arabia to search for a solution to the Gaza situation. He also talked to the President of the Palestinian Authority, Mahmud Abbas. Erdoğan"s response to Israel, his suspension of talks, and his increase of shuttle diplomacy in the Middle East indicates the high level of Turkish involvement in the Palestinian question.


Over the past few years, Turkish foreign policy makers have gained self-confidence and political will to pursue peace attempts in Turkey"s neighboring regions. Turkey hosts Middle Eastern, Eurasian, and African leaders as well as high-level politicians and officials from Western countries, and facilitates platforms for the solution of conflicts in various geographies. Turkish policy makers try to overcome differences between countries in conflict through confidence-building measures and by positioning Turkey as a mediator and facilitator in the search for solutions to chronic regional problems. Turkish policy makers work to initiate regional dynamics for peace-making and mobilize regional actors to create a new awareness of peace in a wide geography extending from the Middle East to the steppes of Eurasia. Their vision and policy style are exemplary and one may discern the emergence of a peace-maker role for Turkey in the periphery of the international system. Turkey"s involvement in the Palestinian question is a crucial part of a broader peace vision, bearing with it the additional dimensions of a rich historico-cultural background and a high degree of Turkish societal interest in the issue.

Turkish Involvement

The Palestinian question occupies a central place in Turkish policy toward the Middle East; the recently adopted Turkish attitude exemplifies Turkey"s new policy line in the region. Still, Turkey"s sensitivity to the Palestinian question is not a new development. For example, the commencement of the construction of Jewish housing units in East Jerusalem in 1967, the 1969 fire in the Al-Aqsa Mosque and the declaration of Jerusalem as the eternal capital of Israel under the Basic Law of 1980 have all received harsh responses from Turkish foreign policy makers; bilateral relations with Israel were nearly severed on various occasions. However, the new attitude of Turkish policy makers is to consider the Palestinian question an area of responsibility and opportunity wherein to claim a constructive Turkish role in the Middle East. Turkish administrators define their position as a critical policy line that seeks to deter Israeli aggression against the Palestinians and to condemn Palestinian attacks on Israeli targets, while pursuing good relations with both Israel and the legitimate Palestinian government

Turkey"s new geographic imagination has led to a more confident role for Turkey in the Middle East, which has found its expression in the statements of policy makers. Former Prime Minister Bülent Ecevit defined the Jenin operation in 2002 as "genocide" and Prime Minister Tayyip Erdoğan criticized the assassination of Sheikh Ahmad Yasin in 2004 and the heavy civilian casualties in the Rafah refugee camp as "state terror." As an example of Turkey"s serious attention to the Palestinian question, Turkey established the Palestine Economic and Social Collaboration coordination office, which is headed by veteran politician and former minister Vehbi Dinçerler. Turkey"s attention to Palestine also intensified with the establishment of the West Bank branch of TİKA (Turkish Cooperation and Development Agency).

During Sharon government"s withdrawal from Gaza, Turkey offered to mediate between the Israelis and Palestinians. Sharon refused Turkey"s mediation offer. Erdoğan said at that time that "Turkey has the capacity to help the Palestinians after the redeployment in the economic field." This capacity is best exemplified by the initiative of the Union of Chambers and Commodity Exchanges of Turkey (TOBB) with respect to managing an industrial zone on the border of Israel and the Gaza Strip. The "Industry for Peace Initiative in Palestine"is an example of the new self confidence among Turkish foreign policy elites and business leaders under the impact of the new geographic imagination that celebrates trade as the basis for sustainable peace in the region. This initiative could create a concrete basis of cooperation between Palestine, Israel, and Turkey. US Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice also defined the Erez project as ""the initiative which would contribute to the regional peace." Although the site on which the TOBB intended to build an industrial complex was destroyed during the escalation of the Gaza conflict in August 2006, TOBB president Rıfat Hisarcıklıoğlu announced the Organization"s determination to invest 100 million US dollars to restore the project and employ six thousand Palestinians after maintaining stability in the region. The TOBB convened the fourth meeting of the Ankara Forum on January 15, 2007 in Tel Aviv to discuss the further steps in the Revival Project for the Erez Industrial Region. Hisarcıklıoğlu underlined that the project is the only concrete proposal on the table in economic terms, and reiterated that Turkey is as crucial a shareholder in the project as the Palestinians and Israelis. As stated in the Joint Declaration of the Fourth Meeting of the Ankara Forum: "The project is now coming to the stage of implementation in early 2007." The then Israeli Deputy Prime Minister Shimon Peres underlined his support for the project by saying that "there is no time to waste any time. The Erez industrial zone will be beneficial to all related parties." Although there have been delays due to security situation in Gaza, TOBB keeps its promise and has preparations to continue with this project after normalization in Gaza.

The subsequent Hamas victories in the local elections of 2005 and in the Parliamentary Legislative Elections opened a new era in the Palestinian question. Hamas" denial of Israel was the main concern of the international community, and the US and the EU started to discuss possible measures to force Hamas to recognize Israel. Turkey interpreted the Hamas victory in a different way and favored diplomatic engagement with Hamas to preempt possible problems. The Turkish position, as expressed by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, is that all related parties should respect the result of democratically conducted elections and that it would be against democratic principles if outside actors attempted to weaken the newly elected order by imposing economic measures against the Palestinian administration. According to Turkish policy makers, Hamas was in search of allies in the Middle East to put an end to the economic and political blockade it was facing from the international system. In such an environment, without Turkey"s intervention, the only possible entry for Hamas was the Iran-Syria-Hezbollah axis.

When the Iranian religious leader, Ali Khamanei, invited Hamas leadership to Tehran, he supported this perception. In the midst of all these developments, the Turkish ministry of foreign affairs invited Khaled Mashal, the political leader of Hamas in exile, to Turkey. This unexpected visit was criticized by some circles in the US and Israel. In response, the then Foreign Minister Abdullah Gül stated that it was not possible for Turkey to remain a spectator to the Palestinian problem while even the land registration records of Palestine remain in Turkey. As a response to critical comments from Israeli Foreign Minister Tzipi Livni, Gül explained that his team advised Hamas to disarm, become more moderate, and enter into diplomatic negotiations with Israel.

Hamas received an invitation from a number of other countries, such as Russia, South Africa, Venezuela, and Iran, indicating that Turkey was not alone in its engagement with the newly elected government. Turkey also pursued diplomatic activities in the EU and partially influenced the EU decision to resume economic aid to the Palestinians under Hamas rule. Turkey"s Hamas diplomacy is a new development. There is no other example of Turkey"s involvement at this level of complexity concerning the Palestinian question, which involved intervention in regional alliances, and diplomacy vis-à-vis the US and the EU. During the clashes between Hamas and another powerful Palestinian group, Fatah, in the Gaza Strip, Turkish policy makers continued an active policy to persuade the clashing sides to end the civil war situation in the Palestinian territories.

The Palestinian question is a sensitive issue for large segments of the Turkish society. Palestine is among the few issues that the Turkish electorate forced politicians and policy makers to take positions on in foreign policy. A poll conducted in October 2000 showed that 71 percent of Turks have an interest in Palestinian affairs and 60 percent demand a more active Turkish role on behalf of the Palestinian people. Another poll conducted in November 2000 showed that 41 percent favor delivering Jerusalem to Palestinian rule, 29 percent proposed autonomous administration, and only two percent favor Israeli rule over the city.

Another poll, conducted in November 2003 surveying 2,183 people in different parts of Turkey, assessed the Turkish people"s attitudes toward Palestinians. 66 percent support the Palestinians in their struggle. Public support for Prime Minister Erdoğan"s blaming of Israel for pursuing state terror was 82 percent in another poll conducted in July 2004. Different segments of Turkish society, ranging from political parties to student In the wake of the most recent attack, Turkish official and civilian charity organizations rushed into Gaza with aid convoys. Turkey"s Humanitarian Relief Foundation (İHH) stood as an outstanding charity organization for reaching out to Gaza with urgently needed foodstuff and medical equipment. İHH also made preparations to bring wounded Palestinians to Istanbul for treatment

The core of the Palestinian question for most Turks is the status of Jerusalem (al-Quds) and who will control the sacred places in the holy city. This has long been a sensitive foreign policy issue in which Turkish society has shown the utmost interest. The widespread protests against Israeli expansion and violence in Palestinian lands in March and April 2002 indicate the societal sensitivity in Turkey. The protests against the most recent Israeli attacks on Gaza were even more widespread in different parts of Turkey after Israeli operation in Gaza. A large New Year"s Eve Party in Istanbul was cancelled to show solidarity with Gaza. Tens of thousands of people gathered in Istanbul to protest Israeli aggression against Palestinians on January 4th. This demonstration was broadcast on major Arab satellite televisions, including Al-Jazeera and Al-Arabia. Thousands of people continue to protest against Israel in different parts of Turkey

Turkish Diplomacy after the Gaza Tragedy

Turkey has initiated an intensive diplomatic campaign at both the regional and international level to put an end to the Gaza tragedy. PM Erdoğan visited major Arab countries and talked to Palestinian leader Abbas in the first days of 2009. Erdoğan addressed the international community before his visit to Egypt, saying that "the Palestinian and Gaza people, our brothers, can only be saved from their isolation when these embargoes are lifted." Turkey"s position is to include Hamas in the political process; Erdoğan aims to persuade Hamas to return to truce in exchange for lifting the blockade of Gaza, and Turkish policy makers have conveyed a message to Hamas to declare cease-fire and work for the political accommodation of different groups within Palestinian politics. Erdoğan"s top foreign policy advisor Ahmet Davutoğlu met twice with Khaled Mashal, the leader of Hamas in exile, in Syria. Davutoğlu"s second visit came as a result of French president Sarkozy"s request for help from Erdoğan. In this sense, Turkey has already started to mediate between Hamas and international actors while maintaining regular contacts with Fatah, the Palestinian Authority as well as the US and European countries

Erdoğan"s active diplomacy, aimed at preventing further tragedy in Gaza, coincides with Turkey"s resumption of a two-year term as a non-permanent member of the UN Security Council. Erdoğan welcomed the Arab League"s call to lobby for a UN Resolution for a ceasefire and stands ready to cooperate in this initiative. Minister of Foreign Affairs Ali Babacan attended the extraordinary meeting of the foreign ministers of the Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) on January 3rd, 2009. The Secretary-General of the OIC, Ekmeleddin İhsanoğlu, called for immediate international action to put an end to Israeli aggression in Gaza The final statement of the OIC meeting condemned "the ongoing barbaric Israeli assault on the Palestinian people in Gaza And before departing from Saudi Arabia, Erdoğan added: "Hamas abided by the truce. But Israel failed to lift the embargoes. In Gaza, people seem to live in an open prison. In fact, all Palestine looks like an open prison. I am calling out to the whole world: why do you not display the same sensitivity you showed in Georgia, now in Gaza? The United Nations, the United States and the EU-member states mobilized for Georgia immediately. But now, no one takes action for Gaza"

Erdoğan"s critical responses led to a phone conversation between President Abdullah Gül and his Israeli counterpart Shimon Peres. Gül released a written statement after this conversation, expressing concern for the political and humanitarian situation in Gaza, underlining the need for supplying humanitarian aid, and calling for an immediate cease-fire. The Turkish National Security Council (NSC) expressed deep concern over the deaths of high numbers of Palestinians in the Israeli operation in Gaza. The NSC issued its own statement calling for an immediate end to military operations, the lifting of the barriers so that humanitarian aid might be delivered to the Palestinian people in Gaza, and urging the consideration of diplomacy for a solution. The statement also added that the Palestinians should reach a compromise among themselves as soon as possible. The NSC statement exemplifies the broad consensus on the Palestinian issue in Turkey.Turkey has a two stage plan for dealing with the Gaza situation. The first phase is to broker a ceasefire and provide supervision by international peacekeepers, including Arab and Turkish forces. The second phase is to achieve a compromise between rival Palestinian groups to stabilize Palestinian politics and ensure a commitment to peace. Erdoğan is working to build bridges among the Arabs to create a common stance toward the Palestinian question. Fehmi Huwaydi and Muhammed Nureddin in major Arab dailies like Al-Dustur, the Daily Star, and Al-Safir, praised Turkish activities on Gaza"s behalf and asked Erdoğan to remind Arab leaders that the Palestinian cause is an Arab issue. Turkish attempts are likely to continue in the UN to bring the issue to more international attention. Turkey will also look for opportunities to discuss the issue with the US administration and EU countries.

Policy Recommendations

Turkey"s dynamism at the state and societal level in response to the Gaza tragedy makes evident the consolidation of Turkey"s role as a peace promoter in the Middle East. Turkish involvement in finding a solution to the Palestinian question will continue, as the democratic and societal backing of the policy makers in regard to this issue remain strong. The following points may help to expedite the results of Turkey"s attempts to further the Palestinian cause.

1. Turkey should search for diplomatic engagement with the US to affect a change in Washington"s position regarding the Palestinian cause. President-elect Obama has raised the possibility of extending talks to a wider Palestinian group; Turkey should prepare the ground for a renewed US involvement with all Palestinian groups.

2. Turkish society"s humanitarian aid to Gaza stands in need of coordination. A civil coordination committee should be established to help to reach out to Gaza with the most required materials in a more organized fashion.

3. The EU remained "Czech"to the Gaza tragedy. The EU is losing its strategic sight in the Middle East, along with hundreds of years of historical memory. The Czech Presidency reveals the lack of vision in the EU, rendering the EU neighborhood policy and other policy instruments simply meaningless. Ankara should bring the Gaza tragedy to the EU agenda with an eye toward substantial revision of the EU policy toward the Palestinian question.

4. Turkey should collaborate with France and the UK with the understanding that these countries have more historical and strategic experience with the Palestinian question. French President Sarkozy has followed Erdoğan"s footsteps in Caucasia and the Middle East. Turkey may lead the other major European countries by maintaining a cooperative approach toward a solution of the Palestinian question.

5. The Turkish government should bring the Palestinian case to the agenda of the Turkish parliament. All groups in the parliament have already expressed their support for the Palestinian cause; adopting a formally united position would bear more influence in the regional and international environment.

6. The Palestinian question is a sensitive issue for the Turkish people independent of their political leanings. Turkish policy makers should address the demands of society at large, while keeping domestic tension at a controllable level.

7. Turkey"s two year term in the UN Security Council should be utilized to bring the Palestinian issue to the world public agenda. Turkey"s non-permanent seat also creates a chance to be closer to different UN forums and to play a more active role at the UN level. A prerequisite for influential action in the UN is to secure strong support from the Arab league and the OIC.

8. Turkish-Israeli relations will be strained in the short to medium term. Turkish policy makers were disturbed by Israel"s irresponsible act at the initiatory stage of Syrian-Israeli direct talks. There has been a loss of confidence on the part of Ankara towards Tel Aviv in regard to future negotiation efforts. For its part, the Israel administration criticizes Turkey for being unnecessarily harsh toward Israeli security measures. Ankara should make sure that Israel does not cause irreparable damage to the Turkish brokered talks in the region in the future

9. Turkey should be ready to assist in the reconstruction of Gaza after a possible settlement. There is need for coordinated activity, including the establishment of state institutions, charity organizations, civil society, universities, research institutes, etc., to aid the recovery of the Palestinians and the rebuilding of Gaza. Turkey should invite 1,000 Palestinian students to Turkey for education to help in the post-war rehabilitation and to strengthen the ties between the Turkish people and the Palestinians.


SETA Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research

[*] Professor of International Relations, Işık University, abulent@isikun.edu.tr


Prime Minister"s Speech, 28 February 2006, www.basbakanlik.gov.tr
See http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/europe/1911609.stm.
See http://rferl.org/featuresarticle/2004/06/2dcae3ab-d364-452a-85f5-428c2f757fa9.html?napage_3.
See http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/8395C7CE-AEAC-4CF9-8319-B7F5C6AD0DCF.htm
TOBB-BIS, Baris Icin Sanayi Girisimi: Kavramsal Cerceve, (Ankara: TEPAV, 2006).
See http://www.radikal.com.tr/haber.php?haberno_191398
See http://www.tepav.org.tr/engyeni/admin/dosyabul/upload/Joint_Declaration.pdf
For more information, see www.tobb.org.tr/haber_arsiv2.php?haberid_1170.
Fikret Bila, "HamasHamasHamas"in Ankara Ziyaretinin Hassas Yonleri,"Milliyet, 17 February 2006
Yasemin Congar, "Mesal, Esad, Bush, Erdogan,"Milliyet, 3 July 2006
Guneri Civaoglu, "Erken Depar,"Milliyet, 21 February 2006
Taha Akyol, "HamasHamasHamas ve Turkiye,"Milliyet, 18 February 2006
Sezai Kalayci, "Ambargo Baris Getirmez,"Zaman, 13 April 2006
Bulent Aras and Salih Bıcakci, ""Turkey, EU and the Middle East: Is Harmonisation Possible" East European Quarterly, 40 (3), September 2006: 367-381
Ibid
Cengiz Candar, "Erdogan"in Ortadogu Turu,"Radikal, 3 December 2009
Star, 28 December 2008
See http://www.oic-oci.org, 03 January 2009
"Turkish premier calls on international community to take action for Gaza,"Today"s Zaman, 4 January 2009
"Gul Peres ile Gorustu,"Sabah, 31 December 2008
"30 Aralık 2008 Tarihli MGK Toplantisinin Basin Bildirisi,"at http://www.mgk.gov.tr/Turkce/basinbildiri2008/30aralik2008.html
Al Dustur, 30 December 2008; Al Safir, 1 January 2009; Daily Star, 2 January 2009

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